The Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology is redefining the standards of design, construction, and operation within the infrastructure sector. Beyond its application in building construction, BIM is emerging as a strategic tool in technology-driven infrastructure projects, where interoperability, data traceability, and operational efficiency are key.
A New Collaborative Paradigm
According to Building Smart Spain, BIM is a collaborative methodology that centralizes all project information within a single digital model, accessible to all stakeholders involved. This definition reflects a paradigm shift: from fragmented processes to integrated ecosystems, where technologies, procedures, and people converge around a shared model.
In the field of technological infrastructures, this convergence enables the management of complex projects with a holistic approach—from conception to operation—integrating disciplines such as civil engineering, traffic systems, automation, and asset management.
BIM in Public Procurement: A Roadmap Toward Standardization
The publication of the BIM Plan for Public Procurement in Spain (Official State Gazette, July 2023) marks a milestone in the institutional adoption of this methodology. The plan outlines a progressive timeline through 2030, with clearly defined levels of implementation (preBIM, initial, medium, advanced, and integrated), and specific requirements to be incorporated into the technical specifications of public contracts.
Table 1. Gradual Implementation Table of the BIM Plan. Source: Interministerial BIM Commission
Gradual Implementation Table of the BIM Plan. Source: Interministerial BIM Commission
One of the most significant developments in this context, particularly in the field of road infrastructure, is the introduction of the RCEclass classification system, defined by the Directorate-General for Roads in Circular Order 5/2024. This multi-criteria system provides a common and standardized language for the 3D elements of BIM models and for document nomenclature in public contracts. Its design addresses the specific needs of the planning/design, construction, and asset management stages during operation, facilitating interoperability between stakeholders and systems.
BIM in Applied Technology Projects: A Comprehensive Approach
At SICE, the implementation of BIM methodologies is tailored to the specific needs of each phase in the project lifecycle:
1. Planning
Multidisciplinary 3D models enable accurate visualization, early clash detection, and optimized decision-making. The definition of the Level of Detail (LOD) and Level of Information Needed (LOIN) ensures that each model element contains reliable and synchronized information.
2. Construction (To Build)
During execution, BIM models serve as the coordination hub between teams. The use of Common Data Environments (CDE), 4D simulations, and continuous quality controls allows workflow adjustments and risk mitigation, ensuring efficiency and traceability.
3. As-Built Phase and Asset Management
Models are updated to reflect the actual conditions of the infrastructure, incorporating attributes focused on maintenance (6D) and sustainability (7D). This structured information facilitates the implementation of control systems and predictive maintenance, optimizing the asset’s lifecycle.
Practical Application in International Projects
The BIM methodology is currently being applied in several international projects by SICE, such as the Stockholm Bypass (Sweden) and the Fehmarn Tunnel (Denmark-Germany), where digital management of models and data is key for coordination between disciplines and contractors.
In the first case, the E4 Förbifart Stockholm project, SICE generates 3D models of traffic systems that are integrated into the client’s global model using Navisworks and a centralized CDE. Regular coordination meetings (“Clash meetings”) help resolve interferences and maintain model consistency.
In the Fehmarn Tunnel, the BIM environment facilitates the integration of more than 400 models and 200 element families, classified according to the FARS system (Femern Asset Referencing System). The management of FARS codes through Naviate Nexus and the use of ACC as the CDE ensure an efficient flow of information from design to operation.
Smart Infrastructure, Structured Data
The adoption of BIM in technology-driven infrastructure projects is not just a matter of regulatory compliance, but a strategic commitment to efficiency, sustainability, and resilience. The ability to integrate data, disciplines, and processes in a common digital environment enables the construction of smarter infrastructures, adapted to the challenges of today and tomorrow.
